Thank you for your reply, Vincent! I installed rasterio==1.3a3 from pypi and set a few GDAL environment variables and now everything is working as expected in my non-conda installation.

Here are the GDAL environment variables that I need to set to read the file:

export CPL_VSIL_CURL_USE_HEAD=YES

export GDAL_DISABLE_READDIR_ON_OPEN=OPEN_DIR

export GDAL_HTTP_COOKIEJAR=/tmp/cookies.txt

export GDAL_HTTP_COOKIEFILE=/tmp/cookies.txt

export CPL_VSIL_CURL_ALLOWED_EXTENSIONS=TIF